Itchy armpits: Common causes and how to treat them

Experiencing a persistent itch in your armpits that won't go away can be uncomfortable and embarrassing. Itchy armpits, also known as axillary pruritus, are a common issue many people experience at some point. Sometimes, itchy armpits may result from poor hygiene or an allergic reaction to deodorant, soap, or laundry detergent. On the other hand, some skin conditions, such as eczema, psoriasis, or even scabies and body lice, can lead to itching in the armpit area. 

In rare cases, itchy armpits may indicate a serious condition like cancer. Still, itchy armpits are generally harmless, and identifying the cause can help you take the appropriate actions to relieve the itching. Fortunately, there are multiple treatment options available depending on the underlying cause. Read on to learn why armpits may itch and how to treat them.

Common causes of itchy armpits

There are several reasons one might experience itchy armpits. You might experience itching due to reactions, infections, or poor hygiene. The following are some of the most common causes.

Allergies and skin reactions

Various skin reactions can cause itchy armpits. Allergic reactions, for example, can be triggered by substances like deodorants, soaps, or fabric softeners. Contact dermatitis, which includes irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, is another common cause. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) and seborrheic dermatitis can also result in itchiness. Things that may trigger a reaction include body wash, harsh laundry detergents, and shaving cream.

Infections

Fungal, parasitic, and bacterial infections can lead to itching in the underarm area. For instance, a yeast infection such as Candida affects moist areas like the underarms. Other infections, such as sweat glands or hair follicle infections, may also contribute to the problem. Common bacteria responsible for infections that can cause an itchy rash under the arms include Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Parasitic infections may include lice and scabies. 

Hormonal changes 

Hormonal changes during pregnancy or menopause can make the skin more sensitive and prone to irritation, leading to itchy armpits. Hormonal changes may also increase sweat production, which may cause excessive moisture and bacterial growth in the armpit area. In addition, changes in hormone levels might affect the skin's barrier function, leading to dry skin and causing the skin to be more sensitive to irritants.

Medical conditions

While inflammatory skin conditions like inverse psoriasis and eczema can directly lead to severe itching, certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and an overactive thyroid, may indirectly cause skin changes resulting in itchiness. Kidney disease may cause uremic pruritus or itching due to a buildup of urea and other toxins in the body. 

Lymphoma and inflammatory breast cancer

In rare cases, itchy armpits may be a symptom of more serious health concerns like lymphoma or inflammatory breast cancer. Swollen lymph nodes accompanied by itchiness could be an indication of Hodgkin's lymphoma, while persistent itching and skin changes in the breast area might suggest inflammatory breast cancer. These conditions can affect the immune response or the skin, leading to itchiness as a symptom.

Deodorants and antiperspirants

Deodorants and antiperspirants often contain chemicals that irritate sensitive skin or even trigger an allergic reaction. Ingredients like aluminum compounds, alcohol, and artificial fragrances are common irritants that can cause or worsen underarm itchiness.

Poor hygiene

Poor hygiene can lead to itchy armpits if there’s a buildup of sweat and bacteria. Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) and not washing the underarms can create an environment that promotes fungal or bacterial growth. Heat and friction from wearing tight clothing can also cause or worsen itching. 

Climate and weather conditions

An area's climate and weather conditions may affect your chances of experiencing itchy armpits. High humidity levels can increase sweating, which may lead to a moist environment in the underarm area for bacterial and fungal growth. In contrast, extremely dry climates may lead to dehydrated skin, which can crack and itch. 

Excessive shaving and hair removal

Shaving or waxing the armpit area too often can irritate the skin. Shaving without the proper technique may lead to razor burn, which can cause the skin to become inflamed and itchy. Hair removal creams and waxing can also strip the skin of natural oils and cause dryness or irritation. Ingrown hairs are a common side effect of shaving and waxing, leading to discomfort and itchiness.

Prolonged sun exposure leading to sunburn or heat rash

Staying out in the sun too long can lead to sunburn, a common cause of itchy skin, including in the armpit area. The sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays can damage the skin and cause redness, pain, and peeling. Similarly, heat rash, also known as prickly heat, can occur in hot and humid conditions. Heat rash develops when blocked sweat pores trap sweat under the skin, leading to itchy bumps or blisters.

Treatment options for itchy armpits

Treatment options for irritated skin are widely available. They can often be found over the counter or with a prescription, and, in many cases, you may have remedies readily available in your home. Because the best treatment option for itchy armpits will depend on the underlying cause, you should consult a healthcare provider for medical advice and guidance. 

Over-the-counter treatments

• Cortizone-10 (hydrocortisone)

• Benadryl (diphenhydramine)

• Zyrtec (cetirizine)

• Claritin (loratadine)

• Lotrimin (clotrimazole)

Topical steroids like hydrocortisone may relieve mild to moderate itching and inflammation. Antihistamines can help relieve allergy-induced itching. Sometimes, itchy armpits may be caused by a fungal infection like Candida. An antifungal cream, such as clotrimazole can effectively treat such infections when used as directed by a healthcare provider.

Home remedies for itchy arms

• Regular showers

• Tea tree oil

Natural remedies may also be effective in treating itchy armpits. Regular showers with warm water and gentle soaps can help maintain proper hygiene and prevent skin conditions like Miliaria. Dry the skin thoroughly after showering to reduce moist environments under the arms. 

You can apply moisturizers or emollients for dry skin patches to help soothe the itchiness. Essential oils, such as tea tree oil, have antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties that may offer relief. However, always dilute essential oils before applying them to the affected area, and consider conducting a patch test to avoid potential irritation.

Prescription medications for itchy arms

• Diprolene, Luxiq (betamethasone)

• Temovate, Clobex (clobetasol)

• Kuric, Nizoral (ketoconazole)

• Lamisil (terbinafine)

Itchy armpits may not respond to over-the-counter treatments or home remedies in severe cases. Therefore, it’s recommended to consult a healthcare provider or a board-certified dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment. 

A trained healthcare provider can prescribe stronger topical steroids, antifungal medications, or other drugs depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Always use prescription medications as a healthcare provider directs to prevent potential side effects or worsening symptoms. 

How long does it take for itchy armpits to go away?

How long it takes for itchy armpits to go away will depend on the cause and the type of treatment used. Skin irritation due to allergens or irritants can often resolve within a few days after removing the offending agent and applying over-the-counter (OTC) creams or ointments. Ingrown hairs and razor burns may take a few days to a week to resolve. 

Itching caused by infections or skin conditions can usually take longer to resolve. Yeast and fungal infections could take up to two or three weeks to clear up but typically go away quicker with the proper treatment. Management often requires long-term treatments like prescription creams, light therapy, or oral medications for chronic skin conditions like psoriasis.

The duration of symptoms of itchiness can vary. Consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen.

Itchy armpits prevention

You can help prevent itchiness under the arms through basic lifestyle changes and proper hygiene. If you’re sensitive to certain products, you can choose less irritating products for your skin. Here are some ways to prevent itchy armpits:

Proper hygiene

Practicing proper hygiene is a simple yet effective way to prevent itchy armpits. Some practical steps might include:

• Regularly clean sweat-prone areas to help reduce the buildup of bacteria

• Shower daily with lukewarm water to remove dirt and sweat

• Use a gentle soap for sensitive skin while bathing

• Pat the skin dry with a clean towel instead of vigorously rubbing it 

Choosing the right skincare products

Using products for sensitive skin may help reduce irritation and itching in the armpit area. Consider the following when selecting personal care items:

• Opt for fragrance-free products to avoid potential allergens

• Choose deodorants and antiperspirants designed for sensitive skin (a good deodorant for itchy armpits may include natural deodorants and aluminum-free options)

• Use a mild, hypoallergenic laundry detergent for washing clothes

• Avoid harsh soaps, which can strip the skin of natural oils and lead to irritation

Lifestyle changes

Certain lifestyle changes may help prevent itchy armpits.

• Wear loose-fitting, breathable fabrics to prevent excessive heat and sweating

• Regularly change your clothes and make sure they are clean 

• Avoid tight clothing that can cause friction and irritation in the armpit area

• Keep a healthy weight to reduce skin friction and heat buildup in pockets of fat

• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day

• Manage stress, as it can trigger skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis

• Use sharp razors and proper shaving techniques to minimize irritation from ingrown hair

These are just some strategies for keeping your skin clean, healthy, and moisturized. These tips may help prevent itchy armpits and manage overall skin health.

Sources

• What makes us itch?, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (2020)

• Lice and scabies, American Academy of Family Physicians (2019)

• Estrogens and aging skin, Dermatoendocrinology (2013)

• Inverse psoriasis, National Psoriasis Foundation (2016)

• What does a rash from Hodgkin Lymphoma look like?, Moffitt Cancer Center (2023)

• Armpit discomfort, Breastcancer.org (2023)

• Miliaria, American Osteopathic College of Dermatology (2023)

• How to test skincare products, American Academy of Dermatology (2021)

• Eczema and emotional wellness, National Eczema Foundation (2023)

• Allergens in cosmetics, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2022)